13. Hidróxidos

Los Hidróxidos son compuestos químicos formados por los siguientes componentes:
 
M+ OH-1

El metal funciona con alguna de sus valencias positivas y se la “pasa” al grupo hidróxido u también llamado oxidrilo (OH-).

El oxidrilo (OH-) por su parte le “pasa” su valencia -1 al metal.
M-1(OH)+

Para nombrar a los hidróxidos:
NOTA: Cuando el metal tiene una sola valencia, el nombre específico puede ser: “de metal



Ejemplos:

- Nombrando los compuestos:
NaOH …………...….. Hidróxido sódico (también: hidróxido de sodio)
Fe(OH)3 ………….… Hidróxido férrico
Co(OH)2 ……………. Hidróxido cobaltoso
Pb(OH)4 ………….… Hidróxido plúmbico

- Escribiendo las fórmulas:
Hidróxido de calcio ……………. Ca(OH)2
Hidróxido magnésico ………….. Mg(OH)2
Hidróxido niquélico …………….. Ni(OH)3
Hidróxido plumboso …………… Pb(OH)2

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